In Pakistan we do not have a National Cancer Registry. Some institutions have started to develop their own Cancer Registry. According to the World Health Organisation annually 120,000 people in Pakistan are diagnosed with cancer. All three types of radiotherapy procedures, teletherapy, brachytherapy and unsealed sources are being employed for treatment of cancer. Accelerators and Cobalt-60 teletherapy units are imported. Radioisotopes used as radiotherapeutics are produced locally. IAEA is const...

Oncology  Radiology & Medical Imaging 

The conservation of genetic variation is essential for meeting future unpredictable breeding requirements. Therefore, the foremost priority must be given to assessment of the population variation status. Among several markers, a DNA based microsatellite is a choice for the population studies, currently. We reviewed some important statistical tools for assessing the farm animal biodiversity. Firstly, the reliability of the results which is mainly based on the number of microsatel-lite loci genoty...

Genetics  Conservation Biology  Biodiversity 

Doxycycline (DOX) is lipophilic and synthetic derivative of tetracycline. DOX is a bacteriostatic agent that is active against gram-positive and gram-negative aerobic and anaerobic bacteria, Mycoplasmas, Chlamydiae, Rickettsiae, and some Protozoa. It inhibits the protein synthesis by restricting the binding of RNA to 30S ribosomal subunit. It is used for inflammatory conditions; periodontitis and acute coronary syndromes, variety of cancers, pulmonary fibrosis, emphysema, asthma, acute lung inju...

Public Health 

The structure and formation energies of cation antisite defects for a series of stannate pyrochlores A2Sn2O7 (A = La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Lu, and Y) and titanate pyrochlores A2Ti2O7 (A = La, Sm, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Lu, and Y) have been systematically investigated using the first-principles total energy calculations. The calculated results reveal that the lattice parameters increase and the oxygen positional parameters decrease with increasing ionic radii of the lanthanides in the...

Computational Chemistry  Composite Material  Physical Chemistry 

Background: The burden of malnutrition in Ethiopia is the second highest in sub Saharan Africa. According to the recently released Ethiopian Demographic and Health Survey report of 2011, the prevalence of child stunting, underweight and wasting were 44% stunted, 10% wasted and 29% underweight respectively. Objectives: To determine the magnitude and risk factors of malnutrition among 6 - 59 months children from Community Based Nutrition Program implementing and nonimplementing districts from sout...

Nutrition 

Objective: Fetal femur length and head circumference ratio is an important ratio for assessment of fetal skeletal growth. So far no study has been done on this ratio on Bangladeshi fetuses. Therefore this study was conducted. Method: This study was prospective and cross-sectional. A nomogram was prepared on well dated, singleton fetuses. A table and a graph were prepared by fitting Polynomial regression models. Results: Consecutive patients who fulfilled the required criteria were included. A to...

Radiology & Medical Imaging 

Purpose: To assess the risks of digestive surgery in patients under antiplatelet therapy. Increasing numbers of patients requiring a surgical digestive procedure are on APT. Several studies have shown that APT interruption during the perioperative period increased thrombotic risks, while in the case of maintaining APT, hemorrhagic complications were not increased. Methods: We included prospectively all patients under APT who were operated on from September 1, 2010 to October 31, 2011. Two groups...

Surgery & Surgical Specialties 

In this study, the chromosome karyotype of Plumbago auriculata was analyzed by using a chro-mosome mounting technique with the primary root tip of seed germination. The aim was to find out the most suitable method for Plumbago auriculata by comparing the effect of different pretreatment and dissociation time on chromosome. The results showed that the best pretreatment was 0.05% colchicine solution under 0℃ - 4℃ or 2 h and then 1 mol/L HCL under 60℃ water for 6 min. Karyotype analysis of Plumbago...

Biotechnology  Cell Biology  Bioinformatics 

The present work relates to a process for the production of nano particles pigment and relates particularly to the production of nano composite powders consisting of individual particles with sizes in the range of 10 nm to 100 nm. This process involves the mechanically activated chemical reduction of reducible metal compounds during milling, to refine and manufacture nano com- posite powder. Nano particle pigment for ceramic glazes was obtained by mechanochemical inser-tion of Fe-Cr-Ti in an α-A...

Composite Material  Analytical Chemistry 

A solution of the intensification problem of the column chemical reactors is presented in the approximation of the mechanics of continua. The effect of the radial non-uniformity of the velocity distribution, the effect of the tangential flow and simultaneous mass, and heat transfer processes are analyzed. A theoretical analysis of the simultaneous mass and heat transfer processes in column reactors is presented.

Industrial Engineering  Chemical Engineering & Technology