%0 Journal Article
%T Risk Factors of Multi-Drug Resistant Tuberculosis in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: A Matched Case-Control Study
%A Meseret A. Deressa
%A Meaza Demissie
%J Open Access Library Journal
%V 1
%N 3
%P 1-8
%@ 2333-9721
%D 2014
%I Open Access Library
%R 10.4236/oalib.1100489
%X Objective: This study determined risk factors associated
with MDR-TB among MDR TB/HIV co-  infected
cases and TB/HIV co-infected controls attending ART clinics in Addis Ababa.
Methods: A health facility based 1:3 matched case-control study was conducted
from January to February 2013. Study subjects were selected using multistage
probability sampling. Cases were matched to controls using age, sex and HIV
sero-positive status. Bivariate and multivariate conditional logistic
regression models were used to determine risk factors associated with MDR-TB. Results:
A total of 96 cases were matched to 288 controls. Risk factors for MDR-TB were
found to be: previous TB treatment (AOR = 5.7, 95% CI: 1.82 - 8.32), having
opportunistic infection (AOR = 2.23, 95% CI: 1.27 - 3.92), primary education
(AOR = 1.37, 95% CI: 1.08 - 1.74), unemployment (AOR = 3.44, 95% CI: 1.82 - 6.48),
long distance of the health facility (AOR = 10.18, 95% CI: 1.22 - 84.77), 1 hr-24
hrs to reach the health facility (AOR = 2.19 ,95% CI: 1.15 - 4.15) and >24 hrs
to reach the health facility (AOR = 4.56, 95% CI: 1.14 - 18.25). Conclusion and
Recommendation: The identified risk factors should be given priority by TB
control programs under Addis Ababa health bureau to control MDR-TB. In
addition, these findings need to be corroborated with multi-centre case-control
studies to bring out nationally relevant risk factors for MDR-TB.
%K MDR-TB
%K Tuberculosis
%K Risk
%K Case-Control
%K HIV
%U http://www.oalib.com/paper/3064167