Aim: This systematic review aimed to determine the risk factors for malocclusions. Methods: A comprehensive search for publications in electronic databases such as PubMed, Medline, Embase, Cochrane, Google scholar, Scopus and Web of science was conducted in order to identify and choose the literature for this paper. 13 articles were selected, and their level of methodological quality was appraised using the STROBE quality assessment tool. Results: The analysis of these articles allowed us to identify the major risk factors in the development of malocclusions. We have classified these factors into general and local factors. General factors were age, gender and genetic background. Local factors were preterm birth, breastfeeding habits, oral health, quality of life and socio-economic status, dysfunctions such as mouth ventilation, and parafunctions such as finger sucking. Conclusion: The risk factors for the development of malocclusion have been identified. Understanding these local and general risk factors will help orthodontists adopt a preventive and interceptive approach when managing these malocclusions.
Cite this paper
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