In this article, our focus lies on a Schrödinger equation incorporating a Hardy term. To identify the global minimizers of the functional Iunder a mass constraint, we utilize the Hardy inequality. In addition, we reveal that every energy ground state is directly linked to the least action solution of the associated action functional. This finding affirmatively addresses the question of whether, under broad assumptions, The functional Iis characterized by a mountain pass structure and satisfies the (PS)C condition. Subsequently, this guarantees the existence of a nontrivial critical point for the energy functional I.
Cite this paper
Fu, C. (2025). On Constrained Minimizers for Schrödinger Equations with Hardy Term. Open Access Library Journal, 12, e2924. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/oalib.1112924.
Smets, D. (2004) Nonlinear Schrödinger Equations with Hardy Potential and Critical Nonlinearities. Transactions of the American Mathematical Society, 357, 2909-2938. https://doi.org/10.1090/s0002-9947-04-03769-9
Li, H. and Zou, W. (2023) Normalized Ground State for the Sobolev Critical Schrödinger Equation Involving Hardy Term with Combined Nonlinearities. Mathematische Nachrichten, 296, 2440-2466. https://doi.org/10.1002/mana.202000481
Zhang, Q. and Duan, J. (2024) Constraint Minimization Problem of the Nonlinear Schrödinger Equation with the Anderson Hamilto-nian. Journal of Mathematical Analysis and Applications, 538, Article 128360. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmaa.2024.128360
Zeng, X. and Zhang, L. (2017) Normalized Solutions for Schrödinger–Poisson–Slater Equations with Unbounded Potentials. Journal of Mathematical Analysis and Applications, 452, 47-61. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmaa.2017.02.053
Chen, J. and Chen, Z. (2023) Normalized Ground States for a Hardy–Littlewood–Sobolev Upper Critical Schrödinger Equation with Double Choquard Type Nonlinear Terms. Applied Mathemat-ics Letters, 138, Article 108521. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aml.2022.108521
Wang, C. and Shang, Y. (2019) Existence and Multiplicity of Solu-tions for Schrödinger Equation with Inverse Square Potential and Hardy–Sobolev Critical Exponent. Nonlinear Analysis: Real World Applications, 46, 525-544. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nonrwa.2018.10.002
Jeanjean, L. and Lu, S. (2022) Normalized Solutions with Positive Energies for a Coercive Problem and Application to the Cubic–Quintic Nonlinear Schrödinger Equation. Mathematical Models and Methods in Applied Sciences, 32, 1557-1588. https://doi.org/10.1142/s0218202522500361
Shibata, M. (2013) Stable Standing Waves of Nonlinear Schrödinger Equations with a General Nonlinear Term. Manuscripta Mathematica, 143, 221-237. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00229-013-0627-9
Berestycki, H. and Lions, P.-. (1983) Nonlinear Scalar Field Equations, I Existence of a Ground State. Archive for Rational Mechanics and Analysis, 82, 313-345. https://doi.org/10.1007/bf00250555
Bouchekif, M. and Messirdi, S. (2015) On Elliptic Problems with Two Critical Hardy–Sobolev Exponents at the Same Pole. Applied Mathematics Letters, 42, 9-14. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aml.2014.10.012
Jeanjean, L. and Lu, S. (2022) On Global Minimizers for a Mass Con-strained Problem. Calculus of Variations and Partial Differential Equations, 61, Article No. 214. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00526-022-02320-6
Lions, P.L. (1984) The Concentration-Compactness Principle in the Calculus of Variations. The Locally Compact Case, Part 2. Annales de l’Institut Henri Poincaré C, Analyse non linéaire, 1, 223-283. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0294-1449(16)30422-x
Jeanjean, L. and Lu, S. (2020) A Mass Supercritical Problem Revisited. Calculus of Variations and Partial Differential Equations, 59, Article No. 174. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00526-020-01828-z