Gestational diabetes mellitus is one of
the most common medical disorders found in pregnancy. Clinical recognition of
GDM is important because timely intervention by dietary measures or insulin and
fetal surveillance can reduce the well described associated maternal and fetal
complications. This observational study was done in PGIMS, Rohtak over a period
of one year. Single step test using 75 gms oral glucose was used as screening
and diagnostic test for GDM. Feto-maternal outcome was studied in all the
subjects. Prevalence of GDM was 7%. Age ≥ 25 years, obesity, multigravidity and
family history of diabetes mellitus were major risk factors for developing GDM.
Maternal and fetal outcomes were poor in GDM group as compared to the control
group. In GDM group common maternal complications were polyhydroamnios and
recurrent vaginal infections. Rate of caesarean section was higher in GDM
group. Babies born to GDM mothers had higher incidence of metabolic
complications and macrosomia.
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